Essay写作是有方法的,好的方法,事半功倍!小编就为大家分享关于英国Essay写作的方法。
01
什么是essay?
Essay,翻译成论文、散文、随笔?似乎都不准确。剑桥词典(Cambridge Dictionary)里essay的释义:一份针对特定主题的文章(a short piece of writing on a particular subject)。换言之,一篇essay是围绕一个特定主题的一系列段落(a series of paragraphs about one subject)。
工作、学习中都会用到essay,特别是学生,比如某次考试,很有可能就是让你写篇essay,阐述自己的观点,要有理有据。
02
essay写作元素
不同的essay,文章长度、风格、内容有不同,但是一般不外乎包括如下元素:
文章标题(Title:gives a hint about the essay’s topic)
导入语 (Introductory paragraph:introduces the essay’s topic and contains the thesis statement)
中心句 (Thesis statement:contains the essay’s topic and its controlling idea)
主体段落 (Body paragraphs:each has a topic sentence and contains details that support the thesis statement)
总结语(Concluding paragraph:brings the essay to a satisfactory close)
文章标题Title
一个有效的文章标题应当简洁描述文章的主题、目的、吸引读者兴趣。
文章标题居中摆放。标题的第一个字母、每个主要单词的第一个字母,除了介词(in, at, fot, to, etc.)和冠词(a, an, the)。
描述性标题(Descriptive Titles)是学术essay写作最常见的类型,简明清晰。
举例1:
The Importance of Multiculturalism in a Democratic Society
举例2:
Why Mothers and Fathers Should Take Parenting Seriously
你也可以将文章标题直接与你的写作模式关联起来。
举例:
Illustration: The Problems with Elections
Narration: My Visit to Las Vegas
Description: Graduation Day
Process: How to Dress for an Interview
Definition: What It Means to Be Brave
Classification: Three Types of Hackers
Comparison and Contrast: Fast Food Versus Gourmet Food
Cause and Effect: Why People Enter Beauty Pageants
Argument: Barbie Should Have a New Look
导入语Introductory paragraph
通常essay正文第一段落是导入语,即开场白,介绍essay的主题,包括中心句,目的在于吸引读者的注意力和兴趣,促使读者产生继续读下去的愿望,比如可以采用 名人名言引用、提问、令人惊讶或刺激性的言论、讲故事,给出定义等方式 来开头。通常导入语段落的最后一句是文章的中心句。
中心句Thesis statement
有无限多的议题可以选择,而且你的知识储备和个人阅历都可以帮助你选择合适的议题以及便于扩展开来。在筹划一篇essay时,需要考虑选题、目标读者、写作目的(休闲娱乐、传递信息,还是试图说服?)。
选题不宜过于宽泛,宜具体明确一些,以确保符合写作目的,并且能在一篇不长的essay阐述明白。如果选题比较宽泛,容易使得文章内容过于浅薄,难以全面深入。
中心句表达了整篇essay的主要思想。一个好的中心句有三个重要的特征:
1、表达整篇文章要阐述的议题(It expresses the main topic of the essay).
2、包含论点(It contains a controlling idea).
3、完整句子,往往出现在导入语段落之中(It is a complete sentence that usually appears in the essay’s introductory paragraph)。
topic controlling idea
Marriagehas lost its importance for many young people in our society.
举例1:
过于宽泛: There are many museums in the world.
合适:Washington’s Spy Museum contains fascinating artifacts related to the secret world of espionage.
举例2:
不是完整句: Gambling problems.
合适:A lottery win will not necessarily lead to happiness.
举例3:
有些模糊: My first job taught me many things.
明确清晰: My first job taught me about responsibility, organization, and the importance of teamwork.
主体段落Body paragraphs
主体段落围绕中心句,对文章主题进行详细阐述,通常使用例子、事实、统计数据、引用等来支撑中心句。
总结语Concluding paragraph
文章的最后是用于结尾的总结段落。用完全不同的词语和句子结构,重新强调下文章中心句的思想。为了使得文章结尾与众不同,给读者留下有趣或较深刻的印象,可以使用 建议、号召、引用、希望 等方式。
03
essay的结构布局
一篇essay合格、理想的结构布局如下所示,经典五段式。主题句通常分解为三个子主题;相应地,主体段落分为三个段落,每个段落集中阐述一个子主题。
Title
Introductory paragraph
—Hook/Introduction Sentences
—Thesis Statement(topic1+topic2+topic3)
Body Paragraph 1
—Topic sentence
Subtopic1 with details and examples
Subtopic2 with details and examples
Subtopic3 with details and examples
—Concluding sentence
Body Paragraph 2
—Topic sentence
Subtopic1 with details and examples
Subtopic2 with details and examples
Subtopic3 with details and examples
—Concluding sentence
Body Paragraph 3
—Topic sentence
Subtopic1 with details and examples
Subtopic2 with details and examples
Subtopic3 with details and examples
—Concluding sentence
Concluding paragraph
—Restate the thesis statement
—Final thought, predictions,solutions, recommendations
以上就是有关如何写一篇英国Essay的内容,如有不懂的可以私聊小编哦!
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